It basically means how an external point on a straight line with respect to 2 points on that same straight line(However the external point does not lie in between the 2 points,that is why it is external) divides them in a certain ratio.
Suppose the distance of 2 points A and B from The so called external point X be a and b respectively.So ratio is a/b.
Consider a line segment AB. Extend it from A to a point P. If PA/PB = m/n, then we say that the point P divides the line AB externally in the ratio m:n
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